4/15/2023 0 Comments Responsive layout![]() ![]() A meta viewport tag gives the browser instructions on how to control the page's dimensions and scaling. Pages optimized for a variety of devices must include a meta viewport tag in the head of the document. Modern responsive design considers all of these things to optimize the experience for everyone. For example some of your visitors will be using a touchscreen. In addition, devices have different features with which we interact with them. Screen sizes are always changing, so it's important that your site can adapt to any screen size, today or in the future. In this video the design moves from a narrow to a wide viewport, responding to the available screen real estate.Ī multitude of different screen sizes exist across phones, "phablets," tablets, desktops, game consoles, TVs, and even wearables. For example, on a phone users would see content shown in a single column view a tablet might show the same content in two columns. The layout changes based on the size and capabilities of the device. Responsive web design, originally defined by Ethan Marcotte in A List Apart, responds to the needs of the users and the devices they're using. The use of mobile devices to surf the web continues to grow at an astronomical pace, and these devices are often constrained by display size and require a different approach to how content is laid out on the screen. On hover/focus/active, we bring a particular element to the forefront with a higher z-index value to show their border over the sibling elements.Take a look at our complete course on Responsive Web Design- Learn Design. ![]() To handle overlapping borders within components (e.g., buttons and inputs in input groups), we use low single digit z-index values of 1, 2, and 3 for default, hover, and active states. $zindex-dropdown : 1000 ! default $zindex-sticky : 1020 ! default $zindex-fixed : 1030 ! default $zindex-modal-backdrop : 1040 ! default $zindex-modal : 1050 ! default $zindex-popover : 1060 ! default $zindex-tooltip : 1070 ! default We don’t encourage customization of these individual values should you change one, you likely need to change them all. There’s no reason we couldn’t have used 100+ or 500+. We need a standard set of these across our layered components-tooltips, popovers, navbars, dropdowns, modals-so we can be reasonably consistent in the behaviors. These higher values start at an arbitrary number, high and specific enough to ideally avoid conflicts. We utilize a default z-index scale in Bootstrap that’s been designed to properly layer navigation, tooltips and popovers, modals, and more. Several Bootstrap components utilize z-index, the CSS property that helps control layout by providing a third axis to arrange content. Extra small devices (portrait phones, less than 576px) // No media query since this is the default in Bootstrap // Small devices (landscape phones, 576px and up) ( min-width : 576px ) Z-index These breakpoints are mostly based on minimum viewport widths and allow us to scale up elements as the viewport changes.īootstrap primarily uses the following media query ranges-or breakpoints-in our source Sass files for our layout, grid system, and components. ![]() Since Bootstrap is developed to be mobile first, we use a handful of media queries to create sensible breakpoints for our layouts and interfaces. ![]()
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